Hemolytic anemia occurs when red blood cells are broken up in the bloodstream or in the spleen. Hemolytic anemia may be due to mechanical causes leaky heart valves or aneurysms , infections, autoimmune disorders, or congenital abnormalities in the red blood cell. Inherited abnormalities may affect the hemoglobin or the red blood cell structure or function.
Examples of inherited hemolytic anemias include some types of thalassemia and low levels of enzymes such as glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. The treatment will depend on the cause. Sickle cell anemia is an inherited hemolytic anemia in which the hemoglobin protein is abnormal, causing the red blood cells to be rigid and clog the circulation because they are unable to flow through small blood vessels.
Anemia caused by other diseases - Some diseases can affect the body's ability to make red blood cells. For example, some patients with kidney disease develop anemia because the kidneys are not making enough of the hormone erythropoietin to signal the bone marrow to make new or more red blood cells.
Chemotherapy used to treat various cancers often impairs the body's ability to make new red blood cells, and anemia often results from this treatment. Iron-deficiency anemia is almost always due to blood loss. If you have iron-deficiency anemia, your doctor may order tests to determine if you are losing blood from your stomach or bowels.
Other nutritional anemias, such as folate or B deficiency, may result from poor diet or from an inability to absorb vitamins in the gastrointestinal tract.
Treatment varies from changing your diet to taking dietary supplements. If your anemia is due to a chronic disease, treatment of the underlying disease will often improve the anemia. Under some circumstances, such as chronic kidney disease, your doctor may prescribe medication such as erythropoietin injections to stimulate your bone marrow to produce more red blood cells. Aplastic anemia occurs if your bone marrow stops producing red blood cells. Aplastic anemia may be due to primary bone marrow failure, myelodysplasia a condition in which the bone marrow produces abnormal red blood cells that do not mature properly , or occasionally as a side effect of some medications.
If you appear to have a form of aplastic anemia, your doctor may refer you to a hematologist for a bone marrow biopsy to determine the cause of the anemia. Medications and blood transfusions may be used to treat aplastic anemia.
Hemolytic anemia occurs when red blood cells are destroyed in the blood stream. A CBC can give an indication of overall health. It can also help the doctor decide whether to check for underlying conditions, such as leukemia or kidney disease.
If RBC, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels fall below the normal range, a person is likely to have some form of anemia. The outlook for a person with anemia depends on the cause. People can sometimes prevent or manage anemia by making dietary changes alone.
Anemia occurs when a low number of RBCs are circulating in the body. There are over types of anemia. The most common type is iron-deficiency anemia. A doctor can use a CBC blood test to help detect anemia. Treatment varies, depending on the type, but it may include iron or vitamin supplements, medications, blood transfusions, and bone marrow transplants.
Find out about the potential benefits of iron including assisting with a healthy pregnancy, helping both mental and physical performance, and…. A serum iron test can tell doctors whether a person has low, healthy, or high iron levels.
Normal levels vary between individuals, but having a result…. The gums can turn pale for several reasons. Pale gums around the teeth may indicate anemia, which is often caused by a lack of iron, folate, or….
Nutritional-deficiency anemia happens when the body does not get enough iron or a few other nutrients from the diet. Learn more, including how to…. A variety of conditions and lifestyle factors can lead to a reduction in hemoglobin.
Common causes include anemia, pregnancy, and thyroid conditions…. What to know about anemia. Share on Pinterest A person with anemia may experience fatigue, an irregular heartbeat, and chest pain.
Causes and types. Risk factors. Exposure to air pollutants may amplify risk for depression in healthy individuals. Costs associated with obesity may account for 3. Anemia can be due to a condition present at birth congenital or to a condition you develop acquired. Anemia occurs when your blood doesn't have enough red blood cells. Your body makes three types of blood cells — white blood cells to fight infection, platelets to help your blood clot, and red blood cells to carry oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body and carbon dioxide from the body back to the lungs.
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin — an iron-rich protein that gives blood its red color. Hemoglobin enables red blood cells to carry oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body and to carry carbon dioxide from other parts of the body to your lungs to be exhaled. Most blood cells, including red blood cells, are produced regularly in your bone marrow — a spongy material found within the cavities of many of your large bones.
To produce hemoglobin and red blood cells, your body needs iron, vitamin B, folate and other nutrients from the foods you eat. Iron deficiency anemia. This most common type of anemia is caused by a shortage of iron in your body. Your bone marrow needs iron to make hemoglobin. Without adequate iron, your body can't produce enough hemoglobin for red blood cells. Without iron supplementation, this type of anemia occurs in many pregnant women. It's also caused by blood loss, such as from heavy menstrual bleeding; an ulcer in the stomach or small bowel; cancer of the large bowel; and regular use of some pain relievers that are available without a prescription, especially aspirin, which can cause inflammation of the stomach lining resulting in blood loss.
It's important to determine the source of iron deficiency to prevent recurrence of the anemia. Chronic conditions. If you have cancer, kidney failure or another chronic condition, you could be at risk of anemia of chronic disease.
These conditions can lead to a shortage of red blood cells. Slow, chronic blood loss from an ulcer or other source within your body can deplete your body's store of iron, leading to iron deficiency anemia. Many types of anemia can't be prevented. But you can avoid iron deficiency anemia and vitamin deficiency anemias by eating a diet that includes a variety of vitamins and minerals, including:.
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