This results in the formation of product molecule. Double displacement reactions can be further classified as neutralization, precipitation and gas formation reactions. Neutralization reactions are a specific kind of double displacement reaction. An acid-base reaction occurs, when an acid reacts with equal quantity of base. The acid base reaction results in the formation of salt neutral in nature and water.
Precipitation is the formation of a solid in a solution or inside another solid during a chemical reaction. This process usually takes place when the concentration of dissolved ions in the solution exceeds the solubility product. A double displacement reaction should also occur if an insoluble gas is formed. We may conclude that in double displacement reactions, two compound exchange ions or elements to form a new compound.
The product obtained is either a gas or solid which can be separated from the reaction mixture, or a stable covalent compound, often water. The balanced chemical equation is. Will a double-replacement equation occur? What are the general characteristics that help you recognize double-replacement reactions?
Assuming that each single-replacement reaction occurs, predict the products and write each balanced chemical equation. Use the periodic table or the activity series to predict if each single-replacement reaction will occur and, if so, write a balanced chemical equation.
Assuming that each double-replacement reaction occurs, predict the products and write each balanced chemical equation. Use the solubility rules to predict if each double-replacement reaction will occur and, if so, write a balanced chemical equation.
Privacy Policy. Skip to main content. Chapter 4. Chemical Reactions and Equations. Search for:. Types of Chemical Reactions: Single- and Double-Displacement Reactions Learning Objectives Recognize chemical reactions as single-replacement reactions and double-replacement reactions. Use the periodic table, an activity series, or solubility rules to predict whether single-replacement reactions or double-replacement reactions will occur.
Figure 4. Example 2 Will a single-replacement reaction occur? Solution Because iodine is below chlorine on the periodic table, a single-replacement reaction will not occur. Because fluorine is above bromine on the periodic table, a single-replacement reaction will occur, and the products of the reaction will be CaF 2 and Br 2.
Test Yourself Will a single-replacement reaction occur? Answer Yes; FeCl 2 and I 2. Example 3 Use the activity series to predict the products, if any, of each equation. Solution Because zinc is above iron in the activity series, it will replace iron in the compound. The products of this single-replacement reaction are ZnCl 2 and Fe. Gold is below hydrogen in the activity series. Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.
Chemistry Expert. Helmenstine holds a Ph. She has taught science courses at the high school, college, and graduate levels. Facebook Facebook Twitter Twitter. Updated October 09, Featured Video. Cite this Article Format. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph. List of the Strong Acids and Key Facts. Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds. Double Replacement Reaction Definition. Solubility Rules for Inorganic Compounds. However, there is one type of double-replacement reaction that we can predict: the precipitation reaction.
A precipitation reaction occurs when two ionic compounds are dissolved in water and form a new ionic compound that does not dissolve; this new compound falls out of solution as a solid precipitate. The formation of a solid precipitate is the driving force that makes the reaction proceed. As the salt is insoluble it will not dissolve in water and we use the s symbol for solid. If no precipitate formed we would essentially have given the silver, fluoride, potassium and chloride ions a change of scenery, but they would still be floating around as ions.
In this case no reaction occurs. To judge whether double-replacement reactions will occur, we need to know what kinds of ionic compounds form precipitates.
For this, we use solubility rules , which are general statements that predict which ionic compounds dissolve are soluble and which do not are not soluble or insoluble. Table 4. We need to consider each ionic compound both the reactants and the possible products in light of the solubility rules.
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